Abstracts by keywords: prevalence
At the end of December 2020, Germany began vaccinating the population against Covid-19. By February 2021, several vaccines had already been approved in many countries including Germany [1]. However, until June 2021, the Covid-19 vaccination could only be offered to certain groups of people due to limited vaccine availability. The prioritization was based on the level of risk of severe or fatal courses of Covid-19 disease as well as on the basis of occupational exposure or close contact with vulnerable groups of people. The highest priority was, among others, people over 80 and employees of medical facilities or retirement homes. High priority included people over 70 and people with defined serious chronic illnesses (e.g. dementia or mental disability). Increased priority was given to people over 60 and people with other illnesses (e.g. diabetes mellitus or stroke) [2]. In addition, close contacts of those in need of care and pregnant women had to be prioritized. The vaccination prioritization was lifted nationwide for all vaccines on June 7, 2021. Studies conducted in Germany in 2021 showed a high acceptance rate among healthcare workers [3] and among older people [4].
29.11.2021
Although more and more people are being vaccinated against Covid-19, the weekly number of new cases remains relatively high worldwide. In addition, several SARS-CoV-2 variants have been described (Gómez et al., 2021), and there is a significant risk of repeated waves of Covid-19 in the coming years. In this context, further research is needed to better understand the epidemiology of Covid-19. In recent months, several studies have examined the prevalence of Covid-19 and the characteristics of people diagnosed with the disease. The proportion of people diagnosed with Covid-19 has been found to vary greatly by setting and country (Elimian et al., 2020; Fan et al., 2020; Guerriero et al., 2021; Haimovich et al., 2020; Lusignan et al., 2020; Mani et al., 2020; Pouwels et al., 2021; Santos-Hövener et al., 2020; Shen et al., 2020; Shepard et al., 2021; Sundaram et al., 2021 ). Although these studies have advanced the field, most of them included participants regardless of their potential symptomatology, so little is known about the specific prevalence of Covid-19 in people with common Covid-19 symptoms (e.g. cough, fatigue, or fever) is known. Regarding the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of people diagnosed with Covid-19, the literature has also provided some contradictory results. For example, one study found that people with diabetes have an increased risk of Covid-19 compared to people without diabetes (Fan et al., 2020), while another study found that this was not the case ( Lusignan et al., 2020). Given these discrepancies, more data are needed on the frequency of Covid-19 diagnosis among individuals with common Covid-19 symptoms, as well as on the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of this population.
29.11.2021
Poisoning or intoxication is defined as contact with a substance or noxious agent that leads to a harmful effect on a living being (O'Malley & O'Malley, 2018). According to the current classification (ICD-10), a distinction is made between, among other things, • intoxications with medicines and drugs (excluding alcohol intoxication, drunkenness and suicides due to poisoning), T36.* to T50.* and • intoxications with non-drug substances (e.g. solvents, hydrocarbons , gases, metals, cosmetics, insect bites, food, e.g. mushrooms), ICD-10 codes T51.* to T65.*• as well as mental and behavioral disorders caused by psychotropic substances (e.g. alcohol intoxication, alcohol dependence, opioid intoxication), F10.* to F19 .*• and intentional self-poisoning with drugs (X60–X64) Poisoning often occurs unintentionally, for example in children, with medication or with everyday products. In addition to the risk group of children, poisoning in cognitively impaired people is also gaining in importance (Hahn & Feistkorn, 2019). There is isolated data on the frequency of the various types of intoxication in Germany and, for example, in addition to the statistics from the poison information centers, federal hospital or death statistics can also serve as data sources (GIZ, 2020; GBEa,b,c,d). However, there are hardly any comparable analyzes of these different sources and relatively few statistical analyzes on the frequency of poisonings and correlations with socio-economic factors from Germany. In comparison to other health impairments, poisoning accidents in Germany are not comprehensively documented and evaluated, which hinders the development of preventive measures (Hahn et al. 2014).
30.03.2021
Every year around 5 million people die from injuries worldwide. This number accounts for 9% of all deaths [1]. It has been proven that men and young people die from injuries more often than women and the elderly, respectively [1–3]. In addition, injuries cause one million permanent disabilities in the European Union every year, and thus have a significant impact on public health in this region of the world [4]. The prevalence of injuries in Germany has only been examined by a few authors in recent years. In 2010, there were an estimated 8 million injuries and more than 20,000 injury deaths in this country [5,6]. In the same year, Rickels et al. found that the incidence of traumatic brain injuries in two separate regions of Germany was 332 per 100,000 people [7]. A cross-sectional telephone survey published in 2013 also estimated that more than 10% of the participants had been diagnosed with accidental injuries requiring medical treatment in the 12 months prior to the survey [8]. More recently, in 2016, Rommel and colleagues showed that at least 2.8% out of more than 14,000 adults were affected by an accident at work [9].
04.06.2018
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease in which the blood sugar concentration is permanently elevated due to limited insulin action or release (American Diabetes Association 2012). In the long term, diabetes increases the risk of concomitant and secondary diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, retinal damage and diabetic foot syndrome. As a "widespread disease" with a large number of sufferers, diabetes mellitus is of considerable relevance to public health. On an individual level, the disease is associated with restrictions on quality of life and life expectancy; on a societal level, it is associated with high costs for the healthcare system (Koster et al. 2012).