Abstracts by keywords: mild cognitive impairment; risk factors; primary practices; Germany
Osteoporosis is a common disease in the elderly population worldwide. According to the WHO, osteoporosis (bone loss) is classified as one of the ten most important and therefore most expensive diseases of all [1]. Osteoporosis is a systematic musculoskeletal disorder in which reduced bone strength increases the risk of fractures. Such fractures most commonly occur in the wrist, spine and hip [2]. Osteoporosis and associated fractures are an important public health problem due to the associated morbidity and disability of patients, reduced quality of life and mortality [3]. An estimated 22 million women and 5.5 million men in the EU suffer from osteoporosis [4]. The risk of osteoporosis is particularly high for women after menopause, a time when estrogen levels in a woman's body drop significantly [5]. In the German population, the annual incidence rate of osteoporosis was estimated at 6.3 million [6]. There is a significantly higher incidence rate in women (13.1 %) than in men (3.2 %) [7]. Due to demographic change in Germany, the number of osteoporosis patients will continue to rise in the future [8]. Previous research has shown a link between chronic somatic and mental illnesses such as depression [9, 10]. It can be assumed that fractures and pain as symptoms or complications of osteoporosis could lead to a reduced quality of life and depression.
03.04.2017
Mild cognitive impairment (LDB) is a common mental illness that occurs in approximately 16 % of older people without dementia [1]. The incidence rate of the disease has been estimated to be approximately 63.6 per 1,000 person-years [2]. LKB is considered a transitional state between normal cognition and dementia [3]. Studies with patients in German general practices have shown that one in four patients develops dementia within three years of the first LKB diagnosis. This underlines the importance of intensive care for these patients [3]. The risk factors for LKB have been analyzed by several authors in recent years [4–12]. A 2001 study showed that elevated serum cholesterol levels in midlife significantly increased the risk of developing LKB, adjusting the regression model for age and body mass index [4]. Two years later, it was found that ethnicity, education level, results of certain tests, cortical atrophy, MR-identified infarcts, and depression measures were positively associated with the LKB diagnosis [5]. In Germany, Luck et al. in 2010 found that older age, vascular diseases and subjective memory problems increased the risk of future development of LKB [6]. Most recently, a study of 1,278 people suggested that traumatic brain injury might reduce the age of onset of LKB [10]. The aim of the present study was to re-analyze the risk factors for the development of LKB in patients in German general practices based on the previous results.