Connection and intervention options for the quality dimensions in routine care
Felix Walther MSc / Denise Kuester MPH / Prof. Dr. med. Jochen Schmitt MPH
The Hospital Structure Act, which came into force on January 1, 2016, provides for the inclusion of quality data in inpatient health care that is relevant to remuneration and planning. In order to be able to categorize quality, the legislator uses Donabedian's model for structural, process and result quality (e.g.: §136 Social Security Code V). This model implies that improving the quality of structure and processes can improve the quality of results (Donabedian 1966; Donabedian et al. 1987). In this context, good evidence about the strength of the controllable influence of structure- and/or process-related interventions on the treatment outcome was called for early on (Donabedian 1980; Institute of Medicine 1990). Following the implementation of the KHSG, the G-BA published both planning-relevant structural indicators and a cross-sectoral guideline for the design of internal quality management (Joint Federal Committee 2015, 2016). From the perspective of evidence-based medicine, however, it can be said that previous reviews indicated that there was often weak evidence for influencing the quality of results through complex interventions at the structural or process level (Conry et al. 2012; Khan/Ollenschläger 2014). However, a current critical analysis of the published studies on the effect of complex quality interventions in the setting of the German healthcare system is currently missing. We therefore analyzed the literature on the influence of planned complex interventions at the structural and/or process level on the quality of results in inpatient settings in the German healthcare system using a systematic review.
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First publication date: 06.12.2017
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Abstract: Zusammenhang und Interventionsmöglichkeiten der Qualitätsdimensionen in der Routineversorgung
Als Rahmenkonzept für Qualität im deutschen Gesundheitswesen dient das Struktur-, Prozess- und Ergebnisqualitätsmodell. Wir untersuchten anhand eines systematischen Reviews, inwieweit Interventionen auf Struktur- und/oder Prozessebene die Ergebnisqualität beeinflussen. Einschlusskriterien waren ein parallel-kontrolliertes Design, eine geplante Intervention auf Struktur- und/oder Prozessebene und Messung der Ergebnisqualität. Dazu wurden die Datenbanken Medline, Embase, Cinahl und PsycInfo nach Studien aus Deutschland im stationären Setting durchsucht (Zeitraum 01.01.2000-10.10.2016). Nach Sichtung von 1725 Dokumenten durch je 2 Reviewer wurden insgesamt 18 Studien eingeschlossen. 10 Studien untersuchten ausschließlich Prozessinterventionen, 4 ausschließlich Strukturinterventionen und 4 kombinierte Struktur- und Prozessinterventionen. Trotz Limitationen hinsichtlich Methodik und Berichtsqualität zeigt sich insgesamt ein überwiegend positiver Einfluss von Qualitätsinterventionen auf das patientenrelevante Ergebnis. Die Anzahl und limitierte methodische Qualität der publizierten Artikel verhindern jedoch eine allgemein gültige Beantwortung der Forschungsfrage. Es ist die Aufgabe der Versorgungsforschung, die entsprechenden Evidenzlücken zeitnah zu füllen.
Abstract: Measurement of Structure-, Process and Outcome-quality: Associations and opportunities for interventions in routine care: A Systematic Review
The model of structure-, process- and outcome- quality is legally established in the German healthcare system. We aimed to identify the influence of structure- and or process- related interventions on outcome(-quality). We undertook a systematic review of studies conducted in the German healthcare system between 2000/01/01 and 2016/10/10. We searched Medline, Embase, Cinahl and PsycInfo. Eligible studies had to have a parallel controlled design, planned structure- and/ or process- intervention in an inpatient setting. 1725 titles and abstracts were independently screened by 2 reviewers. 18 studies were finally included. 10 studies investigated process-interventions, 4 structure-interventions and the remaining 4 studies included structure- and process-combined interventions. Despite some limitations regarding methods and reporting-quality most studies found positive influences of structure- and/ or process- interventions on outcome quality. The lack of significant results, statistical tests, and the limited methodical quality detained a valid and generally assessable answer of the research question. High quality health services research is needed to fill the remaining evidence gaps in this important field.
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Literature
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